Pali Primer Exercise 11
Translate into English:
1. Pānīyaṃ yācitvā rodanto dārako mañcamhā patati.
water / having asked for /
crying / child / from bed / falls
Having asked for water, the child who is crying, falls from the bed.
2. Vatthāni labhituṃ icchanto vāṇijo āpaṇaṃ gacchati.
clothes / to get / wishing /
merchant / [to] shop / goes
The merchant, who is wishing to get clothes, goes to the shop.
3. Upāsako padumāni ādāya vihāraṃ gacchamāno Buddhaṃ disvā pasīdati.
lay devotee / lotuses / having
taken / [to] monastery / going / Buddha / having seen / is pleased
The lay devotee, who is taking the lotuses and going to the monastery,
sees the Buddha and is pleased.
4. Sakuṇo tuṇḍena phalaṃ haranto rukkhasmā uppatati.
bird / with beak / fruit /
carrying / from tree / flies
The bird, which is carrying a fruit with (its) beak, flies from the
tree.
5. Cīvaraṃ pariyesantassa samaṇassa ācariyo cīvaraṃ dadāti.
robe / seeking / monk / teacher
/ robe / gives
The teacher gives a robe to the monk who is seeking a robe.
6. Araññe āhiṇḍanto luddako dhāvantaṃ migaṃ passitvā sarena vijjhati.
in forest / wandering / hunter
/ running / deer / having seen / with arrow / shoots
The hunter, who is wandering in the forest, sees a deer running and
shoots (it) with an arrow.
7. Uyyāne āhiṇḍamānamhā kumāramhā brāhmaṇo padumāni yācati.
in park / wandering / from boy
/ brahmin / lotuses / ask for
The brahmin asks for lotuses from the boy who is wandering in the park.
8. Rathena gacchamānehi amaccehi saha ācariyo hasati.
in chariot / going / with
ministers / teacher / laughs
The teacher laughs with the ministers who are going in a chariot.
9. Dānaṃ dadāmānā sīlāni rakkhamānā manussā sagge uppajjanti.
alms / giving / virtues /
practising / people / in heaven / are born
People who practise virtues and give alms are born in heaven.
10. Dhaññaṃ āka'nkhantassa purisassa dhanaṃ dātuṃ vāṇijo icchati.
corn / wishing [for] / man /
alms / to give / merchant / wishes
The merchant wishes to give alms to the man who is wishing for
corn/grain.
11. Goṇe hanantā rukkhe chindantā asappurisā dhanaṃ saṃharituṃ
ussahanti.
oxen / killing / trees /
cutting / wicked men / money / to collect / try
The wicked men killing oxen and cutting trees try to collect money.
12. Vihāraṃ upasa'nkamanto Buddho dhammaṃ bhāsamāne sāvake passati.
monastery / approaching /
Buddha / dhamma / discussing / disciples / sees
The Buddha, who is approaching the monastery, sees disciples discussing
the dhamma.
13. Rukkhamūle nisīditvā gītāni gāyantā kumārā naccituṃ ārabhanti.
on foot of tree / having seated
/ songs / singing / boys / to dance / begin
The boys sitting on the foot of a tree singing songs, begin to dance.
Alt: Having seated under a tree and singing songs, the boys begin to
dance.
14. Suvaṇṇaṃ labhituṃ ussahantā manussā pabbatasmiṃ āvāṭe khaṇanti.
gold / to get / trying / men /
in mountain / pits / dig
The men trying to get gold dig pits in the mountain.
15. Udakaṃ pātuṃ icchanto sīho udakaṃ pariyesamāno vanamhi carati.
water / to drink / wishing /
lion / water / searching [for] / in forest / moves
The lion wishing to drink water moves in the forest searching for water.
16. Vetanaṃ labhituṃ āka'nkhāmāno naro rajakāya dussāni dhovati.
wages / to get / hoping / man /
for washerman / clothes / washes
The man hoping to get wages washes clothes for the washerman.
17. Samaṇehi saha* bhāsantā upāsakā saccaṃ adhigantuṃ ussahanti.
with monks / speaking / lay
devotees / truth / to understand / try
Lay devotees speaking with the monks try to understand the truth.
18. Magge sayantaṃ sunakhaṃ udakena asiñcitvā dārako hasati.
on road / sleeping / dog / with
water / having sprinkled / child / laughs
Having sprinkled the dog, which is sleeping on the road, with water, the
child laughs.
19. Sīlaṃ rakkhantā sappurisā manussalokā cavitvā devaloke
uppajjanti.
virtue / practising / good men
/ from human world / having departed / in heaven / are born
Having departed from the human world, good men who practise virtue are
born in heaven.
20. Dhanaṃ saṃharituṃ ussahanto vāṇijo samuddaṃ taritvā dīpaṃ gantuṃ
ārabhati.
wealth / to collect / trying /
merchant / sea / having crossed / island / to go / begins
The merchant trying to collect wealth crosses the sea and begins to go
to the island.
21. Goṇe pariyesamāno vane āhiṇḍanto kassako sīhaṃ disvā bhāyati.
oxen / searching [for] / in
forest / wandering / farmer / lion / having seen / gets frightened
Wandering in the forest searching for the oxen, the farmer sees the lion
and gets frightened.
22. Rukkhesu nisīditvā phalāni bhuñjamānā kumārā gītaṃ gāyanti.
on trees / having seated /
fruits / eating / boys / song / sing
Sitting on the trees and eating fruits, the boys sing a song.
23. Cittaṃ pasīditvā** dhammaṃ adhigantuṃ ussahantā narā sagge
uppajjanti.
mind / pleased / Dhamma / to
learn / trying / men / in heaven / are born
The men are born in heaven trying to learn the Dhamma with a pleased
mind.
Alt: The men are born in heaven trying to learn the Dhamma with a
peaceful heart.
24. Tuṇḍena piṭakamhā macchaṃ ākaḍḍhituṃ icchanto kāko sunakhamhā
bhāyati.
with beak / from basket / fish
/ to drag / wishing / crow / dog / fears
Wishing to drag the fish from the basket with its beak, the crow fears
the dog.
25. Khettaṃ kasitvā bījāni vapanto kassako dhaññaṃ labhituṃ
āka'nkhati.
field / having ploughed / seeds
/ sowing / farmer / corn / to get / hopes
Having ploughed the field, the farmer who is sowing seeds hopes to get
corn.
26. Suriyassa ālokena locanehi rūpāni passantā manussā loke jīvanti.
sun's / by light / with eyes /
objects / seeing / people / in world / live
People live in the world seeing objects by the light of the sun with
their eyes.
27. Rukkhamūle nisīditvā cīvaraṃ sibbantena samaṇena saddhiṃ upāsako
bhāsati.
on foot of tree / having seated
/ robe / sewing / with monk / lay devotee / speaks
The lay devotee speaks with the monk sitting on the foot of a tree and
sewing a robe.
28. Rukkhamūle sayantassa yācakassa kāye paṇṇāni patanti.
at foot of tree / sleeping /
beggar's / on body / leaves / fall
The leaves fall on the body of the beggar who is sleeping at the foot of
the tree.
29. Vāṇijassa mūlaṃ datvā asse labhituṃ amacco ussahati.
to merchant / money / having
given / horse / to get / merchant / tries
The minister tries to get horses by giving money to the merchant.
30. Khīraṃ pivitvā hasamāno dārako pattaṃ mañcasmiṃ khipati.
milk / having drunk / laughing
/ child / bowl / on bed / throws
Having drunk milk, the child who is laughing throws the bowl on the bed.
* The word 'saha' is missing from the text.
** 'Pasīditvā' can also mean: purified, devoted.
Translate into Pali:
1. The man washing clothes speaks with the boy going on the road.
puriso / dhovanto / vatthāni /
bhāsati / kumārena saha / gacchamānena / magge
Vatthāni dhovanto puriso magge gacchamānena kumārena saha bhāsati.
2. The brahmin sees the deer coming out of the forest to drink water.
brāhmaṇo / passati / migaṃ /
nikkhamantaṃ / vanasmā / pātuṃ / udakaṃ
Udakaṃ pātuṃ vanasmā nikkhamantaṃ migaṃ brāhmaṇo passati.
3. Goats in the park eat leaves falling from the trees.
ajā / uyyānamhi / khādanti /
paṇṇāni / patamānāni / rukkehi
Ajā uyyānamhi rukkhehi patamānāni paṇṇāni khādanti.
4. Wicked men wish to see hunters killing deer.
asappurisā / icchanti /
passituṃ / luddake / hanante / mige
Asappurisā mige hanante luddake passituṃ icchanti.
5. The farmer sees birds eating seeds in his field.
kassako / passati / sakuṇe /
khādamāne / bījāni / khettasmiṃ
Kassako khettasmiṃ bījāni khādamāne sakuṇe passati.
6. Recluses who enter the city wish to worship the Buddha dwelling in
the monastery.
samaṇā / pavisantā / nagaraṃ /
icchanti / vandituṃ / Buddhaṃ / viharamānaṃ / vihāre
Nagaraṃ pavisantā samaṇā vihāre viharamānaṃ Buddhaṃ vandituṃ icchanti.
7. Standing on the stairway the child sees monkeys sitting on the
tree.
tiṭṭhanto / sopānamhi / darako
/ passati / vānare / nisīdamāne / rukkhe
Sopānamhi tiṭṭhanto darako rukkhe nisīdamāne vānare passati.
8. Boys give rice to fish moving in the water.
kumarā / dadanti / bhattaṃ /
macchānaṃ / carantānaṃ / udake
Udake carantānaṃ macchānaṃ kumarā bhattaṃ dadanti.
9. The sailor wishing to cross the sea asks for money from the king.
nāviko / āka'nkhamāno / tarituṃ
/ samuddaṃ / yācati / mūlaṃ / bhūpālamhā
Samuddaṃ tarituṃ āka'nkhamāno nāviko bhūpālamhā mūlaṃ yācati.
10. Men see with their eyes the light of the moon falling on the sea.
manussā / passanti / locanehi /
ālokaṃ / candassa / patantaṃ / samuddasmiṃ
Manussā samuddasmiṃ patantaṃ candassa ālokaṃ locanehi passanti.
11. Lay devotees try to give robes to monks living in the monastery.
upāsakā / ussahanti / dātuṃ /
cīvare / samaṇānaṃ / vasamānānaṃ / vihāramhi
Upāsakā vihāramhi vasamānānaṃ samaṇānaṃ cīvare dātuṃ ussahanti.
12. Wishing for merit virtuous men give alms to the monks and observe
(rakkhanti) the precepts.
icchantā / puññaṃ / sappurisā /
datvā / dānaṃ / samaṇānaṃ / rakkhanti / sīlāni
Puññaṃ icchantā sappurisā samaṇānaṃ dānaṃ datvā sīlāni rakkhanti.
13. The man walks on the leaves falling from the trees in the forest.
naro / carati / paṇṇesu /
patamānesu / rukkhehi / araññe
Rukkhehi patamānesu paṇṇesu naro araññe carati.
14. The uncle gives a lotus to the child searching for flowers.
mātulo / dadāti / padumaṃ /
dārakāya / pariyesantāya / pupphāni
Pupphāni pariyesantāya dārakāya mātulo padumaṃ dadāti.
15. Having given the beggar some corn the fisherman enters the house.
datvā / yācakāya / thokaṃ /
dhaññaṃ / dhīvaro / pavisati / gehaṃ
Yācakāya thokaṃ dhaññaṃ datvā dhīvaro gehaṃ pavisati.
16. The minister gives seeds to the farmers who plough their fields.
amacco / dadāti / bījāni /
kassakānaṃ / kasamānānaṃ / khettāni
Amacco khettāni kasamānānaṃ kassakānaṃ bījāni dadāti.
17. The dog tries to bite the hand of the man who strokes his body.
kukkuro / ussahati / ḍasituṃ /
hatthaṃ / narassa / āmasantassa / kāyaṃ
Kukkuro kāyaṃ āmasantassa narassa hatthaṃ ḍasituṃ ussahati.
18. The Buddha's disciples question the child crying on the road.
Buddhassa / sāvakā / pucchanti
/ dārakaṃ / rodamānaṃ / magasmiṃ
Buddhassa sāvakā magasmiṃ rodamānaṃ dārakaṃ pucchanti.
19. The uncle's friend calls the boys singing songs seated under the
tree.
mātulassa / mitto / pakkosati /
kumāre / gāyante / gītāni / nisīditvā / rukkhamūlamhi
Mātulassa mitto rukkhamūlamhi nisīditvā gītāni gāyante kumāre pakkosati.
20. Virtuous men give food to the monks who approach their houses.
sappurisā / dadanti / odanaṃ /
samaṇānaṃ / upasa'nkamamānānaṃ / gehe
Sappurisā gehe upasa'nkamamānānaṃ samaṇānaṃ odanaṃ dadanti.
21. Wise men who wish to be born in heaven practise (rakkhanti)
virtue.
paṇḍitā / icchantā / uppajjituṃ
/ sagge / rakkhanti / sīlaṃ
Sagge uppajjituṃ icchantā paṇḍitā sīlaṃ rakkhanti.
22. Seeing the jackal approaching the village the farmer tries to hit
it with a stone.
disvā / sigālaṃ /
upasa'nkamamānaṃ / gāmaṃ / kassako / ussahati / paharituṃ / pāsāṇena
Gāmaṃ upasa'nkamamānaṃ sigālaṃ disvā kassako pāsāṇena paharituṃ
ussahati.
23. Speaking the truth lay devotees try to understand the doctrine.
bhāsantā / saccaṃ / upāsakā /
ussahanti / adhigantuṃ / dhammaṃ
Saccaṃ bhāsantā upāsakā dhammaṃ adhigantuṃ ussahanti.
24. Having washed the bowl with water the hermit looks for drinking
water.
dhovitvā / pattaṃ / udakena /
tāpaso / pariyesati / pānīyaṃ
Udakena pattaṃ dhovitvā tāpaso pānīyaṃ pariyesati.
25. Wise men who observe the precepts begin to understand the truth.
paṇḍitā / rakkhantā / sīlāni /
ārabhanti / adhigantuṃ / saccaṃ
Sīlāni rakkhantā paṇḍitā saccaṃ adhigantuṃ ārabhanti.
Pali Primer Exercise 12
Translate into English:
1. Tvaṃ mittehi saddhiṃ rathena āpaṇamhā bhaṇḍāni āharasi.
you / with friends / in chariot
/ from shop / goods / bring
You bring goods from the shop in a chariot with friends.
2. Ahaṃ udakamhā padumāni āharitvā vāṇijassa dadāmi.
I / from water / lotuses /
having brought / to merchant / give
I bring lotuses from water and give (them) to the merchant.
3. Tumhe samaṇānaṃ dātuṃ cīvarāni pariyesatha.
you / to monks / to give /
robes / seek
You seek robes to give to the monks.
4. Mayaṃ sagge uppajjituṃ āka'nkhamānā sīlāni rakkhāma.
we / in heaven / to be born /
hoping / virtues / practise
Hoping to be born in heaven, we practise virtues.
5. Te dhammaṃ adhigantuṃ ussahantānaṃ samaṇānaṃ dānaṃ dadanti.
they / doctrine / to understand
/ trying / monks / alms / give
They give alms to monks who are trying to understand the doctrine.
6. So araññamhi uppatante sakuṇe passituṃ pabbataṃ āruhati.
he / in forest / flying / birds
/ to see / mountain / climbs
He climbs the mountain to see birds flying in the forest.
7. Mayaṃ sugatassa sāvake vandituṃ vihārasmiṃ sannipatāma.
we / Buddha's / disciples / to
pay homage / in monastery / assemble
We assemble in the monastery to pay homage to Buddha's disciples.
8. Āgacchantaṃ tāpasaṃ disvā so bhattaṃ āharituṃ gehaṃ pavisati.
coming / ascetic / having seen
/ he / rice / to bring / house / enters
Seeing the ascetic coming, he enters the house to bring rice.
9. Ahaṃ udakaṃ oruyha brāhmaṇassa dussāni dhovāmi.
I / [into] water / having
descended / brahmin's / clothes / wash
I get down into the water and wash the brahmin's clothes.
10. Tvaṃ gehassa dvāraṃ vivaritvā pānīyaṃ pattamhā ādāya pivasi.
you / house's / door / having
opened / drinking water / from bowl / having taken / drinks
You, having opened the door of the house, take drinking water from the
bowl and drinks.
11. Ahaṃ hiraññaṃ pariyesanto dīpamhi āvāṭe khaṇāmi.
I / gold / seeking / in island
/ pits / dig
Seeking gold, I dig pits in the island.
12. Phalāni khādantā tumhe rukkhehi oruhatha.
fruits / eating / you / from
trees / descend
Eating fruits, you get down from the trees.
13. Pāsāṇasmiṃ ṭhatvā tvaṃ candaṃ passituṃ ussahasi.
on rock / having stood / you /
moon / to see / try
Having stood on the rock, you try to see the moon.
14. Mayaṃ manussalokamhā cavitvā sagge uppajjituṃ āka'nkhāma.
we / from human world / having
departed / in heaven / to be born / hope
Having departed the human world, we hope to be born in heaven.
15. Tumhe araññe vasante mige sarehi vijjhituṃ icchatha.
you / in forest / living / deer
/ with arrows / to shoot / wish
You wish to shoot with arrows the deer living in the forest.
16. Mayaṃ uyyāne carantā sunakhehi saddhiṃ kīḷante dārake passāma.
we / in park / walking / with
dogs / playing / children / see
Walking in the park, we see children playing with dogs.
17. Tvaṃ rukkhamūle nisīditvā ācariyassa dātuṃ vatthaṃ sibbasi.
you / at root of a tree /
having seated / to teacher / to give / clothe / sew
Seated under a tree, you sew a clothe to give to the teacher.
18. Mayaṃ puññaṃ icchantā samṇānaṃ dānaṃ dadāma.
we / merit / wishing / to monks
/ alms / give
Wishing (for) merit, we give alms to monks.
19. Tumhe saccaṃ adhigantuṃ ārabhatha.
you / truth / to understand /
begin
You begin to understand the truth.
20. Tvaṃ gītaṃ gāyanto rodantaṃ dārakaṃ rakkhasi.
you / song / singing / crying /
child / protect
Singing a song, you protect the crying child.
21. Mayaṃ hasantehi kumārehi saha uyyāne naccāma.
we / laughing / with boys / in
park / dance
We dance in the park with the boys who are laughing.
22. So pānīyaṃ pivitvā pattaṃ bhinditvā mātulamhā bhāyati.
he / water / having drunk /
bowl / having broken / uncle / fears
Having broken the bowl after drinking water, he fears the uncle.
23. Pāsādaṃ upasa'nkamantaṃ samaṇaṃ disvā bhūpālassa cittaṃ pasīdati.
palace / approaching / monk /
having seen / king's / mind / pleases
The king is delighted seeing the monk approaching the palace.
Lit: Seeing the monk approaching the palace pleases the king's mind.
24. Mayaṃ araññaṃ pavisitvā ajānaṃ paṇṇāni saṃharāma.
we / forest / having entered /
for goats / leaves / collect
We enter the forest and collect leaves for the goats.
25. Khettaṃ rakkhanto so āvāṭe khaṇante varāhe disvā pāsāṇehi
paharati.
field / protecting / he / pits
/ digging / pigs / having seen / with stones / hits
Having seen the pigs digging pits, he who is protecting the field hits
(them) with stones.
Translate into Pali:
1. I call the child who is stroking the dog's body.
ahaṃ / pakkosāmi / dārakaṃ /
āmasantaṃ / kukkurassa / kāyaṃ
Ahaṃ kukkurassa kāyaṃ āmasantaṃ dārakaṃ pakkosāmi.
2. We try to learn the truth speaking with the monks who assemble in
the monastery.
mayaṃ / ussahāma / adhigantuṃ /
saccaṃ / bhāsantā / samaṇehi saha / sannipatamānehi / vihare
Vihare sannipatamānehi samaṇehi saha bhāsantā mayaṃ saccaṃ adhigantuṃ
ussahāma.
3. Sitting in the park you (pl.) eat fruits with friends.
nisīdantā / uyyānasmiṃ / tumhe
/ bhuñjatha / phalāni / mittehi saha
Uyyānasmiṃ nisīdantā tumhe mittehi saha phalāni bhuñjatha.
4. You drink milk seated on a chair.
tvaṃ / pivasi / khīraṃ /
nisīditvā / āsanasmiṃ
Āsanasmiṃ nisīditvā tvaṃ khīraṃ pivasi.
5. We set out from home to go and see the deer roaming in the forest.
mayaṃ / nikkhamāma / gehasmā /
gamma / passituṃ / mige / āhiṇḍamāne / araññamhi
Mayaṃ gehasmā nikkhamāma araññamhi gamma āhiṇḍamāne mige passituṃ.
6. I wish to understand the doctrine.
ahaṃ / icchāmi / adhigantuṃ /
dhammaṃ
Ahaṃ dhammaṃ adhigantuṃ icchāmi.
7. Standing on the mountain we see the moonlight falling on the sea.
tiṭṭhantā / pabbate / mayaṃ /
passāma / candassa ālokaṃ / patamānaṃ / samuddamhi
Pabbate tiṭṭhantā mayaṃ samuddamhi patamānaṃ candassa ālokaṃ passāma.
8. I drag the farmer's cart away from the road.
ahaṃ / ākaḍḍhāmi / kassakassa /
sakaṭaṃ / maggamhā
Ahaṃ maggamhā kassakassa sakaṭaṃ ākaḍḍhāmi.
9. You (pl.) sit on the seats, I bring drinking water from the house.
tumhe / nisīdatha / āsanesu /
ahaṃ / āharāmi / pānīyaṃ / gehasmā
Tumhe āsanesu nisīdatha, ahaṃ gehasmā pānīyaṃ āharāmi.
10. We wander in the fields looking at the birds eating seeds.
mayaṃ / āhiṇḍāma / khettesu /
passantā / sakuṇe / khādamāne / bījāni
Bījāni khādamāne sakuṇe passantā mayaṃ khettesu āhiṇḍāma.
11. I advise the wicked man who kills pigs.
ahaṃ / ovadāmi / asappurisaṃ /
hanamānaṃ / sūkare
Ahaṃ sūkare hanamānaṃ asappurisaṃ ovadāmi.
12. You (sg.) get frightened seeing the snake approaching the house.
tvaṃ / bhāyasi / passitvā /
sappaṃ / upasa'nkamantaṃ / gehaṃ
Tvaṃ gehaṃ upasa'nkamantaṃ sappaṃ passitvā bhāyasi.
13. I ask questions from the men who come out of the forest.
ahaṃ / pucchāmi / pañhe /
manussehi / nikkhamantehi / araññasmā
Ahaṃ araññasmā nikkhamantehi manussehi pañhe pucchāmi.
14. Seeing the crying child we call the doctor going on the road.
passamānā / rodantaṃ / dārakaṃ
/ mayaṃ / pakkosāma / vejjaṃ / gacchantaṃ / maggasmiṃ
Rodantaṃ dārakaṃ passamānā mayaṃ maggasmiṃ gacchantaṃ vejjaṃ pakkosāma.
15. I protect virtues, give alms to the monks and live in the house
with children.
ahaṃ / rakkhamāno / sīlāni /
dadanto / dānaṃ / samaṇānaṃ / vasāmi / gehe / dārakehi saha
Sīlāni rakkhamāno ahaṃ samaṇānaṃ dānaṃ dadanto dārakehi saha gehe
vasāmi.
16. Good men who fear evil deeds are born in heaven.
sappurisā / bhāyamantā /
pāpakammāni / uppajjanti / saggamhi
Sappurisā pāpakammāni bhāyamantā saggamhi uppajjanti.
17. Expecting to get profit we bring goods from the city.
āka'nkhamānā / labhituṃ /
lābhaṃ / mayaṃ / āharāma / bhaṇḍāni / nagaramhā
Lābhaṃ labhituṃ āka'nkhamānā mayaṃ nagaramhā bhaṇḍāni āharāma.
18. We stand under the tree and sprinkle water on the flowers.
mayaṃ / ṭhatvā / rukkhamūlamhi
/ āsiñcāma / udakena / pupphāni
Mayaṃ rukkhamūlamhi ṭhatvā pupphāni udakena āsiñcāma.
19. I wash the bowls with water and give (them) to the doctor.
ahaṃ / dhovitvā / patte /
udakena / dadāmi / vejjāya
Ahaṃ udakena patte dhovitvā vejjāya dadāmi.
20. Searching for the truth I give up the house and enter the
monastery.
pariyesanto / saccaṃ / ahaṃ /
pahāya / gehaṃ / pavisāmi / vihāraṃ
Saccaṃ pariyesanto ahaṃ gehaṃ pahāya vihāraṃ pavisāmi.
21. Wishing to see the monks you (pl.) assemble in the park.
icchamānā / passituṃ / samaṇe /
tumhe / sannipatatha / uyyāne
Samaṇe passituṃ icchamānā tumhe uyyāne sannipatatha.
22. I see a fruit falling from the crow's beak.
ahaṃ / passāmi / phalaṃ /
patantaṃ / kākassa / tuṇḍasmā
Ahaṃ kākassa tuṇḍasmā patantaṃ phalaṃ passāmi.
23. You (sg.) cross the sea and bring a horse from the island.
tvaṃ / taritvā / samuddaṃ /
āharasi / assaṃ / dīpamhā
Tvaṃ samuddaṃ taritvā dīpamhā assaṃ āharasi.
24. I set out from home to bring a lamp from the market.
ahaṃ / nikkhamāmi / gehamhā /
āharituṃ / dīpaṃ / āpaṇasmā
Ahaṃ āpaṇasmā dīpaṃ āharituṃ gehamhā nikkhamāmi.
25. Having taken a basket I go to the field to collect corn.
ādāya / piṭakaṃ / ahaṃ /
gacchāmi / khettaṃ / saṃharituṃ / dhaññaṃ
Piṭakaṃ ādāya ahaṃ dhaññaṃ saṃharituṃ khettaṃ gacchāmi.
Pali Primer Exercise 13
Translate into English:
1. Buddho vihārasmiṃ sannipatantānaṃ manussānaṃ dhammaṃ deseti.
Buddha / in monastery /
assembling / people / dhamma / preaches
Buddha preaches the dhamma to the people assembling in the monastery.
2. Buddhassa pūjetuṃ cintento upāsako pupphāni ocināti.
Buddha / to honour / thinking /
lay devotee / flowers / picks
Thinking to honour the Buddha, the lay devotee picks flowers.
3. Te patte udakena pūrentā gītaṃ gāyanti.
they / pots / with water /
filling / song / sing
They, filling the pots with water, sing a song.
4. Tumhe araññe vasante mige pīḷetvā asappurisā hotha.
you / in forest / living / deer
/ having oppressed / wicked men / are
You, oppressing the deer living in the forest, are wicked men.
5. Mayaṃ āpaṇaṃ gantvā vāṇijehi saddhiṃ kathetvā dhaññaṃ vikkiṇāma.
we / [to] shop / having gone /
with merchants / having discussed / corn / sell
Having gone to the shop and discussed with the merchants, we sell corn.
6. Tvaṃ uḍḍentaṃ sukaṃ disvā gaṇhituṃ icchasi.
you / flying / parrot / having
seen / to catch / wish
Seeing the parrot flying, you wish to catch (it).
7. Pabbatamhā udentaṃ candaṃ passituṃ kumāro gharamhā dhāvati.
from mountain / rising / moon /
to see / boy / from house / runs
The boy runs out of the house to see the moon rising from the mountain.
8. Ahaṃ kassakehi saha khettasmiṃ rukkhe ropemi.
I / with farmers / in field /
trees / plant
I plant trees in the field with the farmers.
9. Mayaṃ amaccehi saha mantentā pāsādasmiṃ āsanesu nisīdāma.
we / with ministers /
discussing / in palace / on seats / sit
We sit on the seats in the palace discussing with the ministers.
10. Tumhe Tathāgatassa sāvake nimantetvā dānaṃ detha.
you / Buddha's / disciples /
having invited / alms / give
Having invited Buddha's disciples, you give alms.
11. Upāsakā vihāraṃ gantvā dīpe jāletvā dhammaṃ sotuṃ nisīdanti.
lay devotees / [to] monastery /
having gone / lamps / having kindled / doctrine / to hear / sit
Having gone to the monastery and having kindled the lamps, the lay
devotees sit (down) to hear the doctrine.
12. Luddako sīsaṃ (head) dussena chādetvā nisīditvā sakuṇe maretuṃ
ussahati.
hunter / head / with cloth /
having covered / having seated / birds / to kill / tries
The hunter, having covered (his) head with a cloth and seated, tries to
kill birds.
13. So vane āhiṇḍante goṇe gāmaṃ ānetvā vāṇijānaṃ vikkiṇāti.
he / in forests / roaming /
oxen / [to] village / having brought / to merchants / sells
Having brought the oxen roaming in the forest to the village, he sells
(them) to merchants.
14. Tvaṃ āpaṇehi bhaṇdāni kiṇitvā sakaṭena ānetvā gehe ṭhapesi.
you / from shops / goods /
having bought / in cart / having brought / at home / keep
Having bought goods from the shops and brought (them) in a cart, you
keep (them) at home.
15. Tumhe kakacehi rukkhe chinditvā pabbatamhā pātetha.
you / with saws / trees /
having cut / from mountain / fell
You, having cut the trees with saws, fell (them) from the mountain.
Alt: You cut the trees with saws and fell (them) from the mountain.
16. Dhammena manusse pālentā bhūpālā akusalaṃ parivajjenti.
with truth / people / ruling /
kings / evil / avoid
Ruling the people righteously (lit. with truth), kings avoid evil.
17. Saccaṃ ñatuṃ icchanto ahaṃ samaṇehi pañhe pucchāmi.
truth / to know / wishing / I /
from monks / questions / ask
Wishing to know the truth, I ask the monks questions.
18. Dānaṃ datvā sīlaṃ rakkhantā* sappurisā saggalokaṃ** pāpuṇanti.
alms / having given / precepts
/ observing / good men / heavenly place / reach
Good men who give alms and observe precepts reach a heavenly place.
19. Dhaññaṃ minanto kassako āpaṇaṃ netvā dhaññaṃ vikkiṇituṃ cinteti.
corn / measuring / farmer /
[to] shop / having taken / corn / to sell / intends
The farmer measuring corn intends to take it to the shop and sell it.
20. Ahaṃ pattena pānīyaṃ pivanto dvārasmiṃ ṭhatvā maggaṃ olokemi.
I / with bowl / water /
drinking / at door / having stood / [at] road / look
Drinking water with a bowl, I stand at the door and look at the road.
21. So āpaṇamhā khīraṃ kiṇituṃ puttaṃ pahiṇāti.
he / from shop / milk / to buy
/ son / sends
He sends (his) son to buy milk from the shop.
22. Mayaṃ dhammaṃ uggaṇhituṃ ussahantā paṇḍitena saha mantema.
we / doctrine / to learn /
trying / with wise man / discuss
Trying to learn the doctrine, we discuss with a wise man.
23. Corehi saddhiṃ gehe bhinditvā manusse pīḷentā tumhe asappurisā
hotha.
with robbers / [into] houses /
having broken / people / oppressing / you / wicked men / are
You are wicked men (who) oppress people by breaking into houses with
robbers.
24. Ahaṃ suvaṇṇaṃ pariyesamāne dīpamhā āgacchante vāṇije jānāmi.
I / gold / searching / from
island / coming / merchants / know
I know merchants coming from the island and searching (for) gold.
25. Ahaṃ ācariyo homi, tvaṃ vejjo hosi.
I / teacher / am / you / doctor
/ are
I am a teacher, you are a doctor.
26. Tvaṃ asappurisa, Buddhena desentaṃ dhammaṃ sutvā sappuriso
bhavituṃ ussahasi.
you / wicked man / by Buddha /
preaching / dhamma / having heard / virtuous man / to be / try
You wicked man, having heard the dhamma preaching by the Buddha, try to
be a virtuous man.
27. Ahaṃ paṇḍitehi saddhiṃ mantento dhammena dīpaṃ pālento bhūpālo
asmi.
I / with wise men / discussing
/ righteously / island / ruling / king / am
I am the king who discuss with wise men and rule the island righteously.
28. Varāhe mārentā corā kassake pīḷentā pāpakammāni karonti.
pigs / killing / thieves /
farmers / oppressing / evil deeds / do
Killing pigs, the thieves oppressing the farmers do evil deeds.
29. Sīlaṃ rakkhantā puññakammāni karontā manussā saggaṃ pappotuṃ
āka'nkhanti.
precepts / observing /
meritorious deeds / doing / people / heaven / to reach / hope
Observing precepts and doing meritorious deeds, the people hope to reach
heaven.
30. Akusalaṃ pahāya pāpaṃ parivajjetvā viharantā narā sappurisā
bhavanti.
evil / having abandoned / sin /
having avoided / living / people / good men / become
Having abandoned evil and avoided sin, the people who live become good
men.
Translate into Pali:
1. Having picked fruits from the trees you send (them) to the market.
ocinitvā / phalāni / rukkhehi /
tvaṃ / pahiṇāsi / āpaṇaṃ
Rukkhehi phalāni ocinitvā tvaṃ āpaṇaṃ pahiṇāsi.
2. Having heard the Buddha preach the doctinre I become glad.
sutvā / Buddhaṃ / desentaṃ /
dhammaṃ / ahaṃ / pasīdāmi
Dhammaṃ desentaṃ Buddhaṃ sutvā ahaṃ pasīdāmi.
3. Thinking of collecting corn I go to the field with the farmer.
cintayamāno / saṃharituṃ (to
collect) / dhaññaṃ / ahaṃ / gacchāmi / khettaṃ / kassakena saha
Dhaññaṃ saṃharituṃ cintayamāno ahaṃ kassakena saha khettaṃ gacchāmi.
4. Singing songs you (pl.) look at the birds flying in the sky.
gāyantā / gītāni / tumhe /
oloketha / sakuṇe / uḍḍente / ākāse
Gītāni gāyantā tumhe ākāse uḍḍente sakuṇe oloketha.
5. I advise the wicked man who oppresses the farmers in the village.
ahaṃ / ovadāmi / asappurisaṃ /
pīḷentaṃ / kassake / gāmasmiṃ
Ahaṃ gāmasmiṃ kassake pīḷentaṃ asappurisaṃ ovadāmi.
6. We dig pits to plant trees in the park.
mayaṃ / khaṇāma / āvāṭe /
ropetuṃ / rukkhe / uyyānamhi
Mayaṃ rukkhe ropetuṃ uyyānamhi āvāṭe khaṇāma.
7. We know the man who is lighting lamps in the monastery.
mayaṃ / jānāma / manussaṃ /
jālayamānaṃ / dīpe / vihāre
Mayaṃ vihāre dīpe jālayamānaṃ manussaṃ jānāma.
8. You (pl.) cross the sea with sailors to reach the island.
tumhe / taratha / samuddaṃ /
nāvikehi saha / pappotuṃ / dīpaṃ
Tumhe dīpaṃ pappotuṃ nāvikehi saha samuddaṃ taratha.
9. The king governing the island wins.
bhūpālo / pālento / dīpaṃ /
jināti
Dīpaṃ pālento bhūpālo jināti.
10. We begin to learn the dhamma from recluses living in the village.
mayaṃ / ārabhāma / uggaṇhituṃ /
dhammaṃ / samaṇehi / jivāmānehi / gāmasmiṃ
Mayaṃ gāmasmiṃ jivāmānehi samaṇehi dhammaṃ uggaṇhituṃ ārabhāma.
11. Searching for the truth the wise man goes from city to city.
pariyesanto / saccaṃ / paṇḍito
/ gacchati / naharamhā / nagaraṃ
Saccaṃ pariyesanto paṇḍito naharamhā nagaraṃ gacchati.
12. Avoiding the sleeping dog with his foot the child runs home.
parivajjetvā / sayamānaṃ /
sunakhaṃ / pādena / dārako / dhāvati / gehaṃ
Sayamānaṃ sunakhaṃ pādena parivajjetvā dārako gehaṃ dhāvati.
13. Wishing to be born in heaven wise men fear to do evil.
āka'nkhamānā / uppajjituṃ /
saggamhi / paṇḍitā / bhāyanti / kātuṃ / pāpaṃ
Saggamhi uppajjituṃ āka'nkhamānā paṇḍitā pāpaṃ kātuṃ bhāyanti.
14. Departing from the human world wicked men are born in hell
(narake).
cavitvā / manussalokasmā /
asappurisā / uppajjanti / narake
Manussalokasmā cavitvā asappurisā narake uppajjanti.
15. Having invited the hermit from the mountain the king gives him a
robe.
nimantetvā / tāpasaṃ /
pabbatamhā / bhūpālo / dadāti / cīvaraṃ
Pabbatamhā tāpasaṃ nimantetvā bhūpālo cīvaraṃ dadāti.
16. Trying to understand the truth lay devotees become recluses.
ussahamānā / adhigantuṃ /
saccaṃ / upāsakā / bhavanti / samaṇā
Saccaṃ adhigantuṃ ussahamānā upāsakā samaṇā bhavanti.
17. Expecting to hear the monk preaching the dhamma lay devotees
assemble in the monastery.
āka'nkhamānā / sotuṃ / samaṇaṃ
/ desentaṃ / dhammaṃ / upāsakā / sannipatanti / vihārasmiṃ
Dhammaṃ desentaṃ samaṇaṃ sotuṃ āka'nkhamānā upāsakā vihārasmiṃ
sannipatanti.
18. We see with our eyes, hear with our ears (sotehi), touch with our
bodies.
mayaṃ / passāma / nayanehi /
suṇāma / sotehi / phusāma / kāyehi
Mayaṃ nayanehi passāma, sotehi suṇāma, kāyehi phusāma.
19. I am the king governing the islands.
ahaṃ / homi/bhavāmi / bhūpālo /
pālento / dīpe
Dīpe pālento ahaṃ bhūpālo homi/bhavāmi.
20. You (pl.) are wicked men who take counsel with thieves.
tumhe / hotha/bhavatha /
asappurisā / mantayamānā / corehi saha
Tumhe corehi saha mantayamānā asappurisā hotha/bhavatha.
21. Good men begin to plant trees to protect the world.
sappurisā / ārabhanti / ropetuṃ
/ rukkhe / rakkhituṃ / lokaṃ
Sappurisā lokaṃ rakkhituṃ rukkhe ropetuṃ ārabhanti.
22. Having heard the dhamma, the thief wishes to avoid evil.
sutvā / dhammaṃ / coro /
āka'nkhati / parivajjituṃ / papaṃ
Dhammaṃ sutvā coro papaṃ parivajjituṃ āka'nkhati.
23. Merchants keep clothes in shops to sell (them) to farmers coming
from the villages.
vāṇijā / ṭhapenti / vatthāni /
āpaṇesu / vikkiṇituṃ / kassakānaṃ / āgacchamānānaṃ / gāmehi
Vāṇijā gāmehi āgacchamānānaṃ kassakānaṃ vikkiṇituṃ āpaṇesu vatthāni
ṭhapenti.
24. The sick man (gilāna) is a messenger of the gods in the human
world.
gilāno / hoti / dūto / devānaṃ
/ manussalokamhi
Gilāno manussalokamhi devānaṃ dūto hoti.
25. There are good men in the world who admonish wicked men.
vasanti / sappurisā / loke /
anusāsentā / asappurise
Asappurise anusāsentā sappurisā loke vasanti.
26. Having picked lotuses from the water, the doctor goes to the
monastery to listen to the dhamma.
ocinitvā / padumāni / udakasmā
/ vejjo / gacchati / vihāraṃ / sotuṃ / dhammaṃ
Udakasmā padumāni ocinitvā vejjo dhammaṃ sotuṃ vihāraṃ gacchati.
27. Seeing the Buddha and being please the thief throws away the
arrows.
disvā / Buddhaṃ / pasīditvā /
coro / nikkhipati / sare
Buddhaṃ disvā pasīditvā coro sare nikkhipati.
28. Wishing to avoid evil I practise virtue.
icchanto / parivajjetuṃ /
akusalaṃ / ahaṃ / rakkhāmi / sīlaṃ
Akusalaṃ parivajjetuṃ icchanto ahaṃ sīlaṃ rakkhāmi.
29. We cook rice to give alms to the monks coming from the monastery.
mayaṃ / pacāma / bhattaṃ /
dātuṃ / dānaṃ / samaṇānaṃ / āgacchantānaṃ / vihāramhā
Mayaṃ vihāramhā āgacchantānaṃ samaṇānaṃ dānaṃ dātuṃ bhattaṃ pacāma.
30. You (pl.) go from island to island searching for gold with
merchants.
tumhe / gacchatha / dīpasmā /
dīpaṃ / pariyesamānā / suvaṇṇaṃ / vāṇijehi saha
Suvaṇṇaṃ pariyesamānā tumhe vāṇijehi saha dīpasmā dīpaṃ gacchatha.
* Literally "protects virtues", "sīlaṃ rakkhati" is an idiomatic
expression that is better translated as "observes the precepts" or
"behaves morally".
** Buddhist cosmology posits many heavenly levels, not just one
particular heaven as is common in Western religions.
Pali Primer Exercise 14
Translate into English:
1. So pabbatamhā udentaṃ candaṃ passituṃ pāsādaṃ āruhissati.
he / from mountain / rising /
moon / to see / palace / will climb
He will go up the palace to see the moon rising from the mountain.
2. Bhūpālo corehi dīpaṃ rakkhituṃ amaccehi saha mantessati.
king / from thieves / island /
to protect / with ministers / will discuss
The king will discuss with the ministers to protect the island from
thieves.
3. Ahaṃ samuddaṃ taritvā dīpaṃ pāpuṇitvā bhaṇḍāni vikkiṇissāmi.
I / sea / having crossed /
island / having reached / goods / will sell
Having crossed the sea and reached the island, I will sell the goods.
4. Tumhe vihāraṃ upasa'nkamantā magge pupphāni vikkiṇante manusse
passissatha.
you / monastery / approaching /
on road / flowers / selling / people / will see
Approaching the monastery, you will see people selling flowers on the
road.
5. Udakaṃ otaritvā vatthāni dhovanto kassako nahāyitvā gehaṃ
āgamissati.
[into] water / having descended
/ clothes / washing / farmer / having bathed / home / will come
Having descended into the water and washing clothes, the farmer will
bathe and come home.
6. Gāme viharanto tvaṃ nagaraṃ gantvā rathaṃ ānessasi.
in village / living / you /
[to] city / having gone / chariot / will bring
You who live in the village will go to the city and bring a chariot.
7. Puññaṃ kātuṃ icchantā tumhe sappurisā pāpamitte ovadissatha.
merit / to do / wishing / you /
good men / wicked friends / will advise
Wishing to do merit, you good men will advise wicked friends.
8. Dhammaṃ sotuṃ uyyāne nisīdantānaṃ upāsakānaṃ ahaṃ pānīyaṃ dassāmi.
dhamma / to listen / in park /
sitting / to lay devotees / I / drinking water / will give
I will give drinking water to the lay devotees sitting in the park to
listen to the dhamma.
9. Mayaṃ bhūpālā dhammena dīpe pālessāma.
we / kings / righteously /
islands / will rule
We kings will rule the islands righteously.
10. Rukkhaṃ pātetvā phalāni khādituṃ icchantaṃ asappurisaṃ ahaṃ
akkosāmi.
tree / having fell / fruits /
to eat / wishing / wicked man / I / scold
I scold the wicked man wishing to fell the trees and eat (its) fruits.
Alt: I scold the evil man who wishes to eat fruits by felling the tree.
11. Dānaṃ dadamānā sīlaṃ rakkhantā mayaṃ samaṇehi dhammaṃ
uggaṇhissāma.
alms / giving / precepts /
observing / we / from monks / dhamma / will learn
Giving alms and observing precepts, we will learn the dhamma from the
monks.
12. Dhāvantamhā sakaṭamhā patantaṃ dārakaṃ disvā tvaṃ vejjaṃ ānesi.
running / from cart / falling /
child / having seen / you / doctor / bring
Having seen the child falling from the running cart, you bring the
doctor.
13. Saccaṃ adhigantuṃ ussahanto tāpaso Tathāgataṃ passituṃ
āka'nkhati.
truth / to understand / trying
/ ascetic / Buddha / to see / hopes
Trying to understand the truth, the ascetic hopes to see the Buddha.
14. Buddhe pasīditvā upāsako devaputto hutvā saggaloke uppajjati.
with Buddha / having being
pleased / lay devotee / god / having become / in heavenly realm / is
born
Being pleased with the Buddha, the lay devotee, having become a god, is
born in the heavenly realm.
15. Udentaṃ suriyaṃ disvā brāhmaṇo gehā nikkhamma vandati.
rising / sun / having seen /
brahmin / house / having left / worships
Having seen the sun rising, the brahmin leaves the house and worships
(it).
16. Dīpaṃ pappotuṃ āka'nkhamānā mayaṃ samuddaṃ tarituṃ nāvikaṃ
pariyesāma.
island / to reach / hoping / we
/ sea / to cross / sailor / search
Hoping to reach the island, we look for a sailor to cross the sea.
17. Amaccassa dūtaṃ pahiṇituṃ icchanto bhūpālo ahaṃ asmi.
to minister / messenger / to
send / wishing / king / I / am
I am the king wishing to send a messenger to the minister.
18. Puññakammāni karontānaṃ vāṇijānaṃ dhanaṃ atthi.
meritorious deeds / doing / of
merchants / money / this is
This is the money of the merchants who do meritorious deeds.
ALT: Merchants who perform meritorious deeds have wealth.
19. Mayaṃ gītāni gāyante naccante kumāre olokessāma.
we / songs / singing / dancing
/ boys / will look at
We will see the boys singing songs and dancing.
20. Pāpaṃ parivajjetvā kusalaṃ karonte sappurise devā pūjessanti.
evil / having avoided / good /
doing / good men / gods / will honour
Gods will honour good men who avoid evil and do good.
21. Saccaṃ bhāsantā asappurise anusāsantā paṇḍitā upāsakā
bhavissanti.
truth / speaking / wicked men /
admonishing / wise men / lay devotees / will become
The wise men who speak the truth and admonish the wicked men will become
lay devotees.
22. Tvaṃ dhaññena pattaṃ pūretvā ācariyassa dassasi.
you / with grain / bowl /
having filled / to teacher / will give
You will fill the bowl with grain and give it to the teacher.
23. Rukkhamūle nisīditvā cīvaraṃ sibbantaṃ samaṇaṃ ahaṃ
upasa'nkamissāmi.
under a tree / having seated /
robe / sewing / monk / I / approach
I approach the monk sitting under a tree sewing a robe.
24. Ahaṃ sayantassa puttassa kāyaṃ āmasanto mañcasmiṃ nisīdāmi.
I / sleeping / son's / body /
stroking / on bed / sit
I sit on the bed stroking the body of (my) sleeping son.
25. Uyyānesu rukkhe ropetuṃ samaṇā manusse anusāsanti.
in parks / trees / to plant /
monks / people / admonish
The monks admonish the people to plant trees in the parks.
Translate into Pali:
1. Having learnt the dhamma from the Buddha I will live righteously
(dhammena) in the world.
uggaṇhitvā / dhammaṃ /
Buddhasmā / ahaṃ / viharissāmi / dhammena / loke
Ahaṃ Buddhasmā dhammaṃ uggaṇhitvā loke dhammena viharissāmi.
2. I will advise the king to rule the island righteously with his
ministers.
ahaṃ / ovadissāmi / bhūpālaṃ /
pāletuṃ / dīpaṃ / dhammena / amaccehi saha
Ahaṃ amaccehi saha dhammena dīpaṃ pāletuṃ bhūpālaṃ ovadissāmi.
3. Keeping the garment on the seat the child will enter the water to
bathe.
ṭhapetvā / sāṭakaṃ / āsanasmiṃ
/ dārako / otarissati / udakaṃ / nahāyituṃ
Āsanasmiṃ sāṭakaṃ ṭhapetvā dārako nahāyituṃ udakaṃ otarissati.
4. Having heard the doctrine, you (pl.) will become pleased with the
Tathāgata.
sutvā / dhammaṃ / tumhe /
pasīdissatha / Tathāgate
Tumhe dhammaṃ sutvā Tathāgate pasīdissatha.
5. They who are walking in the forest collecting fruits will desire
to drink water.
te / carantā / vane /
saṃharantā / phalāni / icchissanti / patuṃ / udakaṃ
Vane carantā phalāni saṃharantā te udakaṃ patuṃ icchissanti.
6. Farmers approaching the city will look at vehicles running on the
road.
kassakā / upasa'nkamantā /
nagaraṃ / passissanti / rathe / caramāne / maggamhi
Nagaraṃ upasa'nkamantā kassakā maggamhi caramāne rathe passissanti.
7. The rising sun will illuminate the world.
udento / suriyo / obhāsessati /
lokaṃ
Udento suriyo lokaṃ obhāsessati.
8. The trees in the park will bathe in the light of the moon.
rukkhā / uyyānasmiṃ /
nahāyissanti / ālokena / candassa
Uyyānasmiṃ rukkhā candassa ālokena nahāyissanti.
9. You (sg.) will be pleased seeing your sons asking questions from
the wise man.
tvaṃ / pasīdissasi / passanto /
disvā / putte / pucchamāne / pañhe / paṇḍitamhā
Tvaṃ paṇḍitamhā pañhe pucchamāne putte disvā pasīdissasi.
10. The children will like to see the parrots eating fruits on the
trees.
dārakā / icchissanti / passituṃ
/ suke / khādante / phalāni / rukkhesu
Dārakā rukkhesu phalāni khādante suke passituṃ icchissanti.
11. We are doctors coming from the island, you are teachers going to
the island.
mayaṃ / homa / vejjā /
āgacchantā / dīpasmā / tumhe / hotha / ācariyā / gacchantā / dīpaṃ
Mayaṃ dīpasmā āgacchantā vejjā homa, tumhe dīpaṃ gacchantā ācariyā
hotha.
12. He will take money and go to the shop to buy goods.
so / ādāya / mūlaṃ / gamissati
/ āpaṇaṃ / kiṇituṃ / bhaṇḍāni
So mūlaṃ ādāya bhaṇḍāni kiṇituṃ āpaṇaṃ gamissati.
13. Having filled the bowl with drinking water the child will give it
to the beggar eating rice.
pūretvā / pattaṃ / pānīyena /
dārako / dadissati / yācakāya / bhuñjamānāya / odanaṃ
Pānīyena pattaṃ pūretvā dārako odanaṃ bhuñjamānāya yācakāya dadissati.
14. Men wishing to get merit will plant trees for people in the
world.
manussā / icchantā / labhituṃ /
puññaṃ / ropessanti / rukkhe / purisānaṃ / lokasmiṃ
Puññaṃ labhituṃ icchantā manussā lokasmiṃ purisānaṃ rukkhe ropessanti.
15. Searching for wealth wicked men will oppress farmers living
righteously in villages.
pariyesantā / dhanaṃ /
asappurisā / pīḷessanti / kassake / jīvante / dhammena / gāmesu
Dhanaṃ pariyesantā asappurisā gāmesu dhammena jīvante kassake
pīḷessanti.
16. There are fruits on the trees in the mountains.
bhavanti / phalāni / rukkhesu /
pabbatesu
Pabbatesu rukkhesu phalāni bhavanti.
17. Good men doing meritorious deeds will learn the dhamma from
monks.
sappurisā / karontā /
kusalakammāni / uggaṇhissanti / dhammaṃ / samaṇehi
Kusalakammāni karontā sappurisā samaṇehi dhammaṃ uggaṇhissanti.
18. Wise men instruct kings governing the islands.
paṇḍitā / anusāsanti / bhūpāle
/ pālente / dīpe
Paṇḍitā dīpe pālente bhūpāle anusāsanti.
19. You will buy fish from fishermen coming from the sea.
tvaṃ / kiṇissasi / macche /
dhīvarehi / āgacchantehi / samuddamhā
Tvaṃ samuddamhā āgacchantehi dhīvarehi macche kiṇissasi.
20. Wishing to learn the dhamma we approach the Buddha.
āka'nkhamānā / uggaṇhituṃ /
dhammaṃ / mayaṃ / upasa'nkamāma / Buddhaṃ
Dhammaṃ uggaṇhituṃ āka'nkhamānā mayaṃ Buddhaṃ upasa'nkamāma.
21. Seeing the jackal coming to the park the children will get
frightened.
disvā / sigālaṃ / āgacchantaṃ /
uyyānaṃ / dārakā / bhāyissanti
Uyyānaṃ āgacchantaṃ sigālaṃ disvā dārakā bhāyissanti.
22. They will go to see the king coming to the village with the
ministers.
te / gamissanti / passituṃ /
bhūpālaṃ / āgacchantaṃ / gāmaṃ / amaccehi saha
Amaccehi saha gāmaṃ āgacchantaṃ bhūpālaṃ passituṃ te gamissanti.
23. You are a good man who lives righteously.
tvaṃ / hosi / sappuriso /
jīvanto / dhammena
Tvaṃ dhammena jīvanto sappuriso hosi.
24. I see a parrot picking a fruit with its beak.
ahaṃ / passāmi / sukaṃ /
ocināmānaṃ / phalaṃ / tuṇḍena
Ahaṃ tuṇḍena phalaṃ ocināmānaṃ sukaṃ passāmi.
25. We will become good men practising virtue.
mayaṃ / bhavissāma / sappurisā
/ rakkhamānā / sīlāni
Mayaṃ sīlāni rakkhamānā sappurisā bhavissāma.
Pali Primer Exercise 15
Translate into English:
1. Sace tvaṃ dhammaṃ suṇeyyāsi, addhā (certainly) tvaṃ Buddhassa
sāvako bhaveyyāsi.
if / you / dhamma / would hear
/ certainly / you / Buddha's / disciple / would become
If you would hear the dhamma, you would certainly become the Buddha's
disciple.
2. Yadi te gītāni gāyituṃ uggaṇheyyuṃ, ahaṃ pi uggaṇheyyāmi.
if / they / songs / to sing /
would learn / I / too / would learn
If they would learn to sing the songs, I would learn too.
3. Sace tvaṃ bījāni pahiṇeyyāsi, kassako tāni (them) khette vapeyya.
if / you / seeds / would send /
farmer / them / in field / would sow
If you would send the seeds, the farmer would sow them in the field.
4. Sace tumhe padumāni ocineyyātha, kumārā tāni Buddhassa pūjeyyuṃ.
if / you / lotuses / would pick
/ boys / them / [to] Buddha / would offer
If you would pick the lotuses, the boys would offer them to the Buddha.
5. Sace tvaṃ mūlaṃ gaṇheyyāsi, ahaṃ dussaṃ ādadeyyāmi.
if / you / money / would take /
I / cloth / would take
If you would take the money, I would take the cloth.
6. Yadi mayaṃ bhūpālena saha manteyyāma amaccā na āgaccheyyuṃ.
if / we / with king / would
discuss / minister / not / would come
If we discuss with the king, the ministers would not come.
7. Sace tumhe rukkhe ropeyyātha dārakā phalāni bhuñjeyyuṃ.
if / you / trees / would place
/ children / fruits / would enjoy
If you would plant the trees, the children would enjoy the fruits.
8. Sace mayaṃ sappurisā bhaveyyāma, puttā pi sappurisā bhaveyyuṃ.
if / we / good men / would
become / sons / too / good men / would become
If we become good men, (our) sons would become good men too.
9. Sace bhūpālā dhammena dīpe pāleyyuṃ, mayaṃ bhūpālesu pasīdeyyāma.
if / kings / righteously /
islands / would rule / we / with kings / would be pleased
If the kings rule the islands righteously, we would be pleased with
them.
10. Sace kassako goṇaṃ vikkiṇeyya, vāṇijo taṃ kiṇeyya.
if / farmer / ox / would sell /
merchant / it / would buy
If the farmer would sell the ox, the merchant would buy it.
11. Sace manusse pīḷentā asappurisā gāmaṃ āgaccheyyuṃ ahaṃ te
ovadeyyāmi.
if / people / oppressing /
wicked men / [to] village / would come / I / them / would admonish
If the wicked men oppressing the people come to the village, I would
admonish them.
12. Yadi amaccā pāpaṃ parivajeyyuṃ, manussā pāpaṃ na kareyyuṃ.
if / ministers / evil / would
avoid / people / evil / not / would commit
If ministers avoid evil, the people would not commit evil.
13. Sace tumhe pabbataṃ āruheyyātha, āhiṇḍante mige ca rukkhesu
carante makkaṭe ca uḍḍente sakuṇe ca passeyyātha.
if / you / mountain / would
climb / roaming / deer / and / on trees / moving / monkeys / and /
flying / birds / and / would see
If you climb the mountain, you would see deer roaming, monkeys moving on
the trees and birds flying.
14. Sace tvaṃ pattena pānīyaṃ āneyyāsi pipāsito (thirsty) so piveyya.
if / you / in bowl / drinking
water / would bring / thirsty / he / would drink
If you would bring drinking water in a bowl, he who is thirsty would
drink (it).
15. Kusalakammāni katvā tumhe manussaloke uppajituṃ ussaheyyātha.
good deeds / having done / you
/ in human world / to be born / should try
Having done good deeds, you should try to be born in the human world.
16. Sace so vejjo bhaveyya, ahaṃ taṃ (him) rodantaṃ dārakaṃ passituṃ
āneyyāmi.
if / he / doctor / is / I / him
/ crying / child / to see / would bring
If he is a doctor, I will bring him to see the crying child.
17. Yadi putto pāpaṃ kareyya ahaṃ taṃ (him) ovadeyyāmi.
if / son / evil / would do / I
/ him / would admonish
If my son does evil, I would admonish him.
18. Sace amacco paṇḍitaṃ ācariyaṃ āneyya mayaṃ dhammaṃ uggaṇheyyāma.
if / minister / wise / teacher
/ would bring / we / doctrine / would learn
If the minister brings a wise teacher, we would learn the doctrine.
19. Sace ahaṃ hatthena suvaṃ phusituṃ ussaheyyāmi so gehā uppateyya.
if / I / with hand / parrot /
to touch / would try / it / from house / would fly
If I try to touch the parrot with (my) hand, it might fly out
of the house.
20. Yadi so vejjaṃ pakkosituṃ iccheyya ahaṃ taṃ (him) āneyyāmi.
if / he / doctor / to call /
would wish / I / him / would bring
If he wishes to call the doctor, I will bring him.
Translate into Pali:
1. If you cover up the evil deeds your sons do, they will become
thieves.
sace / tvaṃ / chādeyyāsi /
akusalakammāni / puttānaṃ / te / bhaveyyuṃ / corā
Sace tvaṃ puttānaṃ akusalakammāni chādeyyāsi, te corā bhaveyyuṃ.
2. If you (pl.) want to become virtuous men avoid evil.
yadi / tumhe / iccheyyātha /
bhavituṃ / sappurisā / parivajjeyyātha / papaṃ
Yadi tumhe sappurisā bhavituṃ iccheyyātha, papaṃ parivajjeyyātha.
3. If we look with our eyes we will see objects in the world, if we
look with our minds we will see good and evil.
sace / mayaṃ / olokeyyāma /
nayanehi / passeyyāma / rūpāni / loke / sace / mayaṃ / olokeyyāma /
cittehi / passeyyāma / puññaṃ ca / pāpaṃ ca
Sace mayaṃ nayanehi olokeyyāma loke rūpāni passeyyāma, sace mayaṃ
cittehi olokeyyāma puññaṃ ca pāpaṃ ca passeyyāma.
4. If you (sg.) start singing a song, the children will start
dancing.
yadi / tvaṃ / ārabheyyāsi /
gāyituṃ / gītaṃ / dārakā / ārabheyyuṃ / naccituṃ
Yadi tvaṃ gītaṃ gāyituṃ ārabheyyāsi, dārakā naccituṃ ārabheyyuṃ.
5. If we depart from the human world we will not fear to be born in
the human world.
sace / mayaṃ / caveyyāma /
manussalokasmā / na bhāyissāma / uppajjituṃ / manussalokasmiṃ
Sace mayaṃ manussalokasmā caveyyāma manussalokasmiṃ uppajjituṃ na
bhāyissāma.
6. If gods are born in the human world they will do meritorious
deeds.
yadi / devā / uppajjeyuṃ /
manussalokamhi / te / kareyyuṃ / puññakammāni
Yadi devā manussalokamhi uppajjeyuṃ te puññakammāni kareyyuṃ.
7. If you search for the truth you will approach the Buddha living in
the monastery.
sace / tvaṃ / pariyeseyyāsi /
saccaṃ / tvaṃ / upasa'nkameyyāsi / Buddhaṃ / vasantaṃ / vihāre
Sace tvaṃ saccaṃ pariyeseyyāsi tvaṃ vihāre vasantaṃ Buddhaṃ
upasa'nkameyyāsi.
8. If you admonish the merchant he will become a virtuous man.
yadi / tvaṃ / ovadeyyāsi /
vāṇijaṃ / so / bhavissati / sappuriso
Yadi tvaṃ vāṇijaṃ ovadeyyāsi, so sappuriso bhavissati.
9. If I invite the monk he will come home to preach the dhamma.
sace / ahaṃ / nimanteyyāmi /
samaṇaṃ / so / āgamissati / gehaṃ / desetuṃ / dhammaṃ
Sace ahaṃ samaṇaṃ nimanteyyāmi, so dhammaṃ desetuṃ gehaṃ āgamissati.
10. If you are a good man you will not kill oxen roaming in the
forest.
yadi / tvaṃ / bahvasi /
sappuriso / (tvaṃ) / na māressasi / goṇe / āhiṇḍāmāne / araññasmiṃ
Yadi tvaṃ sappuriso bhavasi araññasmiṃ āhiṇḍāmāne goṇe na māressasi.
11. If you do work in the field you will get wealth and corn.
sace / tvaṃ / kareyyāsi /
kammaṃ / khettamhi / tvaṃ / labhissasi / dhanaṃ ca / dhaññaṃ ca
Sace tvaṃ khettamhi kammaṃ kareyyāsi, tvaṃ dhanaṃ ca dhaññaṃ ca
labhissasi.
12. If the king wishes to govern the island righteously he will
discuss with wise men and ministers.
yadi / bhūpālo / iccheyya /
pāletuṃ / dīpaṃ / dhammena / so / manteyya / saha / paṇḍitehi ca /
amaccehi ca
Yadi bhūpālo dhammena dīpaṃ pāletuṃ iccheyya, so paṇḍitehi ca amaccehi
ca saha manteyya.
13. If you work in the field you will see farmers ploughing.
sace / tvaṃ / karissasi kammaṃ
/ khette / (tvaṃ) / passeyyāsi / kassake / kasamāne
Sace tvaṃ khette kammaṃ karissasi kasamāne kassake passeyyāsi.
14. I see boys playing in the park with a monkey.
ahaṃ / passāmi / kumāre /
kīḷante / uyyāmasmiṃ / saddhiṃ / vānarena
Ahaṃ vānarena saddhiṃ uyyāmasmiṃ kīḷante kumāre passāmi.
15. If they want to see birds singing they will go to the park.
yadi / te / iccheyyuṃ /
passituṃ / sakuṇe / gāyante / te / gamissanti / uyyānaṃ
Yadi te gāyante sakuṇe passituṃ iccheyyuṃ te uyyānaṃ gamissanti.
16. If you listen to the dhamma you will be able to live righteously.
sace / tvaṃ / suṇeyyāsi /
dhammaṃ / (tvaṃ) / sakkissasi / vasituṃ / dhammena
Sace tvaṃ dhammaṃ suṇeyyāsi dhammena vasituṃ sakkissasi.
17. If you avoid evil friends (pāpamitte) you will become a good man.
yadi / tvaṃ / parivajjeyyāsi /
pāpamitte / tvaṃ / bhavissasi / sappuriso
Yadi tvaṃ pāpamitte parivajjeyyāsi tvaṃ sappuriso bhavissasi.
18. If the minister is not a good man we will not approach him.
sace / amacco / na hoti /
sappuriso / mayaṃ / na upasa'nkamissāma / taṃ
Sace amacco sappuriso na hoti mayaṃ taṃ na upasa'nkamissāma.
19. If there are fruits on the tree I will climb to pick them (tāni).
yadi / honti / phalāni /
rukkhamhi / ahaṃ / aruhissāmi / ocinituṃ / tāni
Yadi rukkhamhi phalāni honti ahaṃ tāni ocinituṃ rukkhaṃ aruhissāmi.
20. If I pick fruits you will eat them with friends.
sace / ahaṃ / ocineyyāmi /
phalāni / tvaṃ / bhuñjissasi / te / mittehi saha
Sace ahaṃ phalāni ocineyyāmi tvaṃ mittehi saha te bhuñjissasi.