Lesson 14
1. The Future Tense
The future tense is formed by adding -ssa to the root / verbal base
with, or in some cases without, the connecting vowel -i-
the terminations are the same as those in the present tense.
Base: paca = to cook
Singular
3rd |
(So) pacissati = |
He will cook |
2nd |
(Tvaṃ) pacissasi = |
You will cook |
1st |
(Ahaṃ) pacissāmi = |
I will cook |
Plural
3rd |
(Te) pacissanti = |
They will cook |
2nd |
(Tumhe) pacissatha
= |
You will cook |
1st |
(Mayaṃ) pacissāma = |
We will cook |
Base: core = to steal
|
Singular |
Plural |
3rd |
(So) coressati |
(Te) coressanti
|
2nd |
(Tvaṃ) coressasi |
(Tumhe) coressatha |
1st |
(Ahaṃ) coressāmi |
(Mayaṃ) coressāma |
Base: kiṇā = to buy
|
Singular |
Plural |
3rd |
(So) kiṇissati |
(Te) kiṇissanti |
2nd |
(Tvaṃ) kiṇissasi |
(Tumhe) kiṇissatha
|
1st |
(Ahaṃ) kiṇissāmi |
(Mayaṃ) kiṇissāma
|
2. Attention may be paid to the following forms:
gacchati - |
gamissati |
= he will go |
āgacchati - |
āgamissati
|
= he will come |
dadāti - |
dadissati / dassati
|
= he will give |
tiṭṭhati - |
ṭhassati |
= he will stand |
karoti - |
karissati |
= he will do |
Exercise 14
3. Translate into English:
1. So pabbatamhā udentaṃ candaṃ passituṃ pāsādaṃ āruhissati.
2. Bhūpālo corehi dīpaṃ rakkhituṃ amaccehi saha mantessati.
3. Ahaṃ samuddaṃ taritvā dīpaṃ pāpuṇitvā bhaṇḍāni vikkiṇissāmi.
4. Tumhe vihāraṃ upasaṅkamantā magge pupphāni vikkiṇante manusse
passissatha.
5. Udakaṃ otaritvā vatthāni dhovanto kassako nahāyitvā gehaṃ āgamissati.
6. Gāme viharanto tvaṃ nagaraṃ gantvā rathaṃ ānessasi.
7. Puññaṃ kātuṃ icchantā tumhe sappurisā pāpamitte ovadissatha.
8. Dhammaṃ sotuṃ uyyāne nisīdantānaṃ upāsakānaṃ ahaṃ pānīyaṃ dassāmi.
9. Mayaṃ bhūpālā dhammena dīpe pālessāma.
10. Rukkhaṃ pātetvā phalāni khādituṃ icchantaṃ asappurisaṃ ahaṃ
akkosāmi.
11. Dānaṃ dadamānā sīlaṃ rakkhantā mayaṃ samaṇehi dhammaṃ uggaṇhissāma.
12. Dhāvantamhā sakaṭamhā patantaṃ dārakaṃ disvā tvaṃ vejjaṃ ānesi.
13. Saccaṃ adhigantuṃ ussahanto tāpaso Tathāgataṃ passituṃ ākaṅkhati.
14. Buddhe pasīditvā upāsako devaputto hutvā saggaloke uppajjati.
15. Udentaṃ suriyaṃ disvā brāhmaṇo gehā nikkhamma vandati.
16. Dīpaṃ pappotuṃ ākaṅkhamānā mayaṃ samuddaṃ tarituṃ nāvikaṃ
pariyesāma.
17. Amaccassa dūtaṃ pahiṇituṃ icchanto bhūpālo ahaṃ asmi.
18. Puññakammāni karontānaṃ vāṇijānaṃ dhanaṃ atthi.
19. Mayaṃ gītāni gāyante naccante kumāre olokessāma.
20. Pāpaṃ parivajjetvā kusalaṃ karonte sappurise devā pūjessanti.
21. Saccaṃ bhāsantā asappurise anusāsantā paṇḍitā upāsakā bhavissanti.
22. Tvaṃ dhaññena pattaṃ pūretvā ācariyassa dassasi.
23. Rukkhamūle nisīditvā cīvaraṃ sibbantaṃ samaṇaṃ ahaṃ upasaṅkamissāmi.
24. Ahaṃ sayantassa puttassa kāyaṃ āmasanto mañcasmiṃ nisīdāmi.
25. Uyyānesu rukkhe ropetuṃ samaṇā manusse anusāsanti.
4. Translate into Pāli:
1. Having learnt the dhamma from the Buddha I will live righteously
(dhammena) in the world.
2. I will advise the king to rule the island righteously with his
ministers.
3. Keeping the garment on the seat the child will enter the water to
bathe.
4. Having heard the doctrine you (pl.) will become pleased with the
Tathāgata. 5. They who are walking in the forest collecting fruits will
desire to drink water.
6. Farmers approaching the city will look at vehicles running on the
road.
7. The rising sun will illuminate the world.
8. The trees in the park will bathe in the light of the moon.
9. You (sg.) will be pleased seeing your sons asking questions from the
wise man.
10. The children will like to see the parrots eating fruits on the
trees.
11. We are doctors coming from the island, you are teachers going to the
island.
12. He will take money and go to the shop to buy goods.
13. Having filled the bowl with drinking water the child will give it to
the beggar eating rice.
14. Men wishing to get merit will plant trees for people in the world.
15. Searching for wealth wicked men will oppress farmers living
righteously in villages.
16. There are fruits on the trees in the mountains.
17. Good men doing meritorious deeds will learn the dhamma from monks.
18. Wise men instruct kings governing the islands.
19. You will buy fish from fishermen coming from the sea.
20. Wishing to learn the dhamma we approach the Buddha.
21. Seeing the jackal coming to the park the children will get
frightened.
22. They will go to see the king coming to the village with the
ministers.
23. You are a good man who lives righteously.
24. I see a parrot picking a fruit with its beak.
25. We will become good men practising virtue.