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nāgārjuna kṛta
madhyamakaśāstram|
pratyayaparīkṣā nāma prathamaṃ prakaraṇam|
anirodhamanutpādamanucchedamaśāśvatam|
anekārthamanānārthamanāgamamanirgamam||1||
yaḥ pratītyasamutpādaṃ prapañcopaśamaṃ śivam|
deśayāmāsa saṃbuddhastaṃ vande vadatāṃ varam||2||
na svato nāpi parato na dvābhyāṃ nāpyahetutaḥ|
utpannā jātu vidyante bhāvāḥ kkacana kecana||3||
catvāraḥ pratyayā hetuścālambanamanantaram|
tathaivādhipateyaṃ ca pratyayo nāsti pañcamaḥ||4||
na hi svabhāvo bhāvānāṃ pratyayādiṣu vidyate|
avidyamāne svabhāve parabhāvo na vidyate||5||
kriyā na pratyayavatī nāpratyayavatī kriyā|
pratyayā nākriyāvantaḥ kriyāvantaśca santyuta||6||
utpadyate pratītyemānitīme pratyayāḥ kila|
yāvannotpadyata ime tāvannāpratyayāḥ katham||7||
naivāsato naiva sataḥ pratyayo'rthasya yujyate|
asataḥ pratyayaḥ kasya sataśca pratyayena kim||8||
na sannāsanna sadasan dharmo nirvartate yadā|
kathaṃ nirvartako heturevaṃ sati hi yujyate||9||
anālambana evāyaṃ san dharma upadiśyate|
athānālambane dharme kuta ālambanaṃ punaḥ||10||
anutpanneṣu dharmeṣu nirodho nopapadyate|
nānantaramato yuktaṃ niruddhe pratyayaśca kaḥ||11||
bhāvānāṃ niḥsvabhāvānāṃ na sattā vidyate yataḥ|
satīdamasmin bhavatītyetannaivopapadyate||12||
na ca vyastasamasteṣu pratyayeṣvasti tatphalam|
pratyayebhyaḥ kathaṃ tacca bhavenna pratyayeṣu yat||13||
athāsadapi tattebhyaḥ pratyayebhyaḥ pravartate|
apratyayebhyo'pi kasmātphalaṃ nābhipravartate||14||
phalaṃ ca pratyayamayaṃ pratyayāścāsvayaṃmayāḥ|
phalamasvamayebhyo yattatpratyayamayaṃ katham||15||
tasmānna pratyayamayaṃ nāpratyayamayaṃ phalam|
saṃvidyate phalābhāvātpratyayāpratyayāḥ kutaḥ||16||
2
gatāgataparīkṣā dvitīyaṃ prakaraṇam|
gataṃ na gamyate tāvadagataṃ naiva gamyate|
gatāgatavinirmuktaṃ gamyamānaṃ na gamyate||1||
ceṣṭā yatra gatistatra gamyamāne ca sā yataḥ|
na gate nāgate ceṣṭā gamyamāne gatistataḥ||2||
gamyamānasya gamanaṃ kathaṃ nāmopapatsyate|
gamyamāne dvigamanaṃ yadā naivopapadyate||3||
gamyamānasya gamanaṃ yasya tasya prasajyate|
ṛte gatergamyamānaṃ gamyamānaṃ hi gamyate||4||
gamyamānasya gamane prasaktaṃ gamanadvayam|
yena tadgamyamānaṃ ca yaccātra gamanaṃ punaḥ||5||
dvau gantārau prasajyete prasakte gamanadvaye|
gantāraṃ hi tiraskṛtya gamanaṃ nopapadyate||6||
gantāraṃ cettiraskṛtya gamanaṃ nopapadyate|
gamane'sati gantātha kuta eva bhaviṣyati||7||
gantā na gacchati tāvadagantā naiva gacchati|
anyo ganturagantuśca kastṛtīyo hi gacchati||8||
gantā tāvadgacchatīti kathamevopapatsyate|
gamanena vinā gantā yadā naivopapadyate||9||
pakṣo gantā gacchatīti yasya tasya prasajyate|
gamanena vinā gantā ganturgamanamicchataḥ||10||
gamane dve prasajyete gantā yadyuta gacchati|
ganteti cocyate yena gantā san yacca gacchati||11||
gate nārabhyate gantuṃ gataṃ nārabhyate'gate|
nārabhyate gamyamāne gantumārabhyate kuha||12||
na pūrvaṃ gamanārambhādgamyamānaṃ na vā gatam|
yatrārabhyeta gamanamagate gamanaṃ kutaḥ||13||
gataṃ kiṃ gamyamānaṃ kimagataṃ kiṃ vikalpyate|
adṛśyamāna ārambhe gamanasyaiva sarvathā||14||
gantā na tiṣṭhati tāvadagantā naiva tiṣṭhati|
anyo ganturagantuśca kastṛtīyo'tha tiṣṭhati||15||
gantā tāvattiṣṭhatīti kathamevopapatsyate|
gamanena vinā gantā yadā naivopapadyate||16||
na tiṣṭhati gamyamānānna gatānnāgatādapi|
gamanaṃ saṃpravṛttiśca nivṛttiśca gateḥ samā||17||
yadeva gamanaṃ gantā sa eveti na yujyate|
anya eva punargantā gateriti na yujyate||18||
yadeva gamanaṃ gantā sa eva hi bhavedyadi|
ekībhāvaḥ prasajyeta kartuḥ karmaṇa eva ca||19||
anya eva punargantā gateryadi vikalpyate|
gamanaṃ syādṛte ganturgantā syādgamanādṛte||20||
ekībhāvena vā siddhirnānābhāvena vā yayoḥ|
na vidyate, tayoḥ siddhiḥ kathaṃ nu khalu vidyate||21||
gatyā yayocyate gantā gatiṃ tāṃ sa na gacchati|
yasmānna gatipūrvo'sti kaścitkiṃciddhi gacchati||22||
gatyā yayocyate gantā tato'nyāṃ sa na gacchati|
gatī dve nopapadyete yasmādeke pragacchati||23||
sadbhūto gamanaṃ gantā triprakāraṃ na gacchati|
nāsadbhūto'pi gamanaṃ triprakāraṃ sa gacchati||24||
gamanaṃ sadasadbhūtastriprakāraṃ na gacchati|
tasmādgatiśca gantā ca gantavyaṃ ca na vidyate||25||
3
cakṣurādīndriyaparīkṣā tṛtīyaṃ prakaraṇam|
darśanaṃ śravaṇaṃ ghrāṇaṃ rasanaṃ sparśanaṃ manaḥ|
indriyāṇi ṣaḍeteṣāṃ draṣṭavyādīni gocaraḥ||1||
svamātmānaṃ darśanaṃ hi tattameva na paśyati|
na paśyati yadātmānaṃ kathaṃ drakṣyati tatparān||2||
na paryāpto'gnidṛṣṭānto darśanasya prasiddhaye|
sadarśanaḥ sa pratyukto gamyamānagatāgataiḥ||3||
nāpaśyamānaṃ bhavati yadā kiṃcana darśanam|
darśanaṃ paśyatītyevaṃ kathametattu yujyate||4||
paśyati darśanaṃ naiva naiva paśyatyadarśanam|
vyākhyāto darśanenaiva draṣṭā cāpyupagamyatām ||5||
tiraskṛtya draṣṭā nāstyatiraskṛtya ca darśanam|
draṣṭavyaṃ darśanaṃ caiva draṣṭaryasati te kutaḥ||6||
pratītya mātāpitarau yathoktaḥ putrasaṃbhavaḥ|
cakṣūrūpe pratītyaivamukto vijñānasaṃbhavaḥ||7||
draṣṭavyadarśanābhāvādvijñānādicatuṣṭayam|
nāstīti upādānādīni bhaviṣyanti punaḥ katham||8||
vyākhyātaṃ śravaṇaṃ ghrāṇaṃ rasanaṃ sparśanaṃ manaḥ|
darśanenaiva jānīyācchrotṛśrotavyakādi ca||9||
4
skandhaparīkṣā caturthaṃ prakaraṇam|
rūpakāraṇanirmuktaṃ na rūpamupalabhyate|
rūpeṇāpi na nirmuktaṃ dṛśyate rūpakāraṇam||1||
rūpakāraṇanirmukte rūpe rūpaṃ prasajyate|
āhetukaṃ, na cāstyarthaḥ kaścidāhetukaḥ kvacit||2||
rūpeṇa tu vinirmuktaṃ yadi syādrūpakāraṇam|
akāryakaṃ kāraṇaṃ syāt nāstyakāryaṃ ca kāraṇam||3||
rūpe satyeva rūpasya kāraṇaṃ nopapadyate|
rūpe'satyeva rūpasya kāraṇaṃ nopapadyate||4||
niṣkāraṇaṃ punā rūpaṃ naiva naivopapadyate|
tasmāt rūpagatān kāṃścinna vikalpān vikalpayet||5||
na kāraṇasya sadṛśaṃ kāryamityupapadyate|
na kāraṇasyāsadṛśaṃ kāryamityupapadyate||6||
vedanācittasaṃjñānāṃ saṃskārāṇāṃ ca sarvaśaḥ|
sarveṣāmeva bhāvānāṃ rūpeṇaiva samaḥ kramaḥ||7||
vigrahe yaḥ parīhāraṃ kṛte śūnyatayā vadet|
sarvaṃ tasyāparihṛtaṃ samaṃ sādhyena jāyate||8||
vyākhyāne ya upālambhaṃ kṛte śūnyatayā vadet|
sarvaṃ tasyānupālabdhaṃ samaṃ sādhyena jāyate||9||
5
dhātuparīkṣā pañcamaṃ prakaraṇam|
nākāśaṃ vidyate kiṃcitpūrvamākāśalakṣaṇāt|
alakṣaṇaṃ prasajyeta syātpūrvaṃ yadi lakṣaṇāt||1||
alakṣaṇo na kaścicca bhāvaḥ saṃvidyate kkacit|
asatyalakṣaṇe bhāve kramatāṃ kuha lakṣaṇam||2||
nālakṣaṇe lakṣaṇasya pravṛttirna salakṣaṇe|
salakṣaṇālakṣaṇābhyāṃ nāpyanyatra pravartate||3||
lakṣaṇāsaṃpravṛttau ca na lakṣyamupapadyate|
lakṣyasyānupapattau ca lakṣaṇasyāpyasaṃbhavaḥ||4||
tasmānna vidyate lakṣyaṃ lakṣaṇaṃ naiva vidyate|
lakṣyalakṣaṇanirmukto naiva bhāvo'pi vidyate||5||
avidyamāne bhāve ca kasyābhāvo bhaviṣyati|
bhāvābhāvavidharmā ca bhāvābhāvamavaiti kaḥ||6||
tasmānna bhāvo nābhāvo na lakṣyaṃ nāpi lakṣaṇam|
ākāśam ākāśasamā dhātavaḥ pañca ye pare||7||
astitvaṃ ye tu paśyanti nāstitvaṃ cālpabuddhayaḥ|
bhāvānāṃ te na paśyanti draṣṭavyopaśamaṃ śivam||8||
6
rāgaraktaparīkṣā ṣaṣṭhaṃ prakaraṇam|
rāgādyadi bhavetpūrvaṃ rakto rāgatiraskṛtaḥ|
taṃ pratītya bhavedrāgo rakte rāgo bhavetsati||1||
rakte'sati punā rāgaḥ kuta eva bhaviṣyati|
sati vāsati vā rāge rakte'pyeṣa samaḥ kramaḥ||2||
sahaiva punarudbhūtirna yuktā rāgaraktayoḥ|
bhavetāṃ rāgaraktau hi nirapekṣau parasparam||3||
naikatve sahabhāvo'sti na tenaiva hi tatsaha|
pṛthaktve sahabhāvo'tha kuta eva bhaviṣyati||4||
ekatve sahabhāvaścetsyātsahāyaṃ vināpi saḥ|
pṛthaktve sahabhāvaścetsyātsahāyaṃ vināpi saḥ||5||
pṛthaktve sahabhāvaśca yadi kiṃ rāgaraktayoḥ|
siddhaḥ pṛthakpṛthagbhāvaḥ sahabhāvo yatastayoḥ||6||
siddhaḥ pṛthakpṛthagbhāvo yadi vā rāgaraktayoḥ|
sahabhāvaṃ kimarthaṃ tu parikalpayase tayoḥ||7||
pṛthaṅ na sidhyatītyevaṃ sahabhāvaṃ vikāṅkṣasi|
sahabhāvaprasiddhyarthaṃ pṛthaktvaṃ bhūya icchasi||8||
pṛthagbhāvāprasiddheśca sahabhāvo na sidhyati|
katamasmin pṛthagbhāve sahabhāvaṃ satīcchasi||9||
evaṃ raktena rāgasya siddhirna saha nāsaha|
rāgavatsarvadharmāṇāṃ siddhirna saha nāsaha||10||