Vọng ngữ tức nói sai sự thật, nói thô ác, nói thị phi chia rẽ, nói xu nịnh để người khác xiêu lòng nhằm tư lợi là căn bệnh cố hữu của chúng sinh. Có thể nói, trong vô vàn nỗi thống khổ mà con người phải gánh chịu thì khổ đau do lời nói thiếu trách nhiệm mang đến nhiều hơn cả.

Không phải ngẫu nhiên mà người xưa đúc kết "mọi tai họa từ miệng mà ra", lời nói như "búa nằm trong miệng" còn nguy hơn cả gươm đao.

Sở dĩ người ta phạm lỗi nhiều về lời nói vì nó không sâu kín riêng tây như ý nghĩ (ý nghiệp) mà cũng không quá thô tháo như động chân tay (thân nghiệp) nên "binh khí miệng lưỡi" là công cụ được sử dụng nhiều nhất. Nói một câu mà đối phương phải đau đầu. Nói xỏ xiên, ví von khiến người ta nát óc, mất ăn mất ngủ. Buông một lời mà như "một mũi tên bắn trúng hai đích", gây mất đoàn kết, ly gián nhau. Thậm chí một lời thốt ra khiến người ta phải mất mạng. Thế nên Đức Phật luôn cảnh tỉnh hàng đệ tử khéo tu cái miệng, chuyển hóa khẩu nghiệp cho thiện lành nếu không sẽ rơi vào ba đường ác, chịu quả báo khổ đau.

“Một thời Phật ở nước Xá-vệ, rừng Kỳ-đà, vườn Cấp Cô Độc. Bấy giờ Thế Tôn bảo các Tỳ-kheo:

- Ở trong chúng này, Ta không thấy một pháp nào đã thực hành, thực hành nhiều rồi thành hạnh địa ngục, hạnh ngạ quỷ, hạnh súc sanh, nếu sanh trong loài Người thì hơi miệng hôi thối, làm người chán ghét, như là vọng ngữ. Này các Tỳ-kheo, nếu có người nói dối, nói thêu dệt, cãi lẫy thị phi, liền đọa trong súc sanh, ngạ quỷ. Vì sao thế? Vì nói dối vậy. Thế nên hãy chí thành, không được vọng ngữ. Thế nên, này các Tỳ-kheo, hãy học điều này!

Bấy giờ

các Tỳ-kheo nghe Phật dạy xong, vui vẻ vâng làm”.

(Kinh Tăng nhất A-hàm, tập I, phẩm14.Ngũ giới,
VNCPHVN ấn hành, 1997, tr.188)

Dĩ nhiên người học Phật nào cũng thấy giá trị của việc nói thật và mong muốn được thể hiện chánh ngữ trong đời sống hàng ngày. Nhưng kiểm soát và làm chủ lời nói là điều không dễ. Chúng ta thường nói theo các cung bậc cảm xúc vui buồn thương giận trong ta, nói theo sự sai khiến của tham lam, hờn giận và si mê. Nên mỗi ngày, chính mình đã mang "gươm đao" uy hiếp người thân và mọi người đồng thời chính mình cũng gánh chịu lại mọi loại "rác rưởi" từ người khác.

Để thực hành chánh ngữ, việc đầu tiên chúng ta phải ý thức được rằng, vọng ngữ mang lại khổ đau trong hiện tại, tương lai chịu quả báo trong ba đường ác. Kế đến là dặn lòng thành thật. Dẫu biết rằng, nói thật là điều không dễ.

Đôi khi chánh ngữ cần được vận dụng một cách linh hoạt thành khéo nói; nói sao mà lợi mình và lợi người. Việc phát ngôn tuy nhanh chóng nhưng kỳ thực nó là một tiến trình. Cội nguồn của ngôn ngữ lưu xuất từ trong tâm ý. Những ai có thực tập chánh niệm, "trước khi nói uốn lưỡi bảy lần" thì người này có khả năng kiểm soát lời nói, nhờ vậy mà tránh được những phát ngôn vụng về.

Một lời nói ra nhanh như tên bắn, không thể thâu lại được. Như bát nước đầy đổ ra đất không thể hốt lại được. Nên hãy tự học nói lời chân thật, nói lời xây dựng, nói lời yêu thương, nói lời tử tế. Nói chậm, nói ít và nói đúng để gieo trồng hạt giống chánh ngữ mỗi ngày.

Luôn suy nghiệm về lời nói của mình, vì sao ta nói chẳng ai tin, không mấy người để ý, ta chẳng thuyết phục được ai, mở lời thì họ

quay lưng? Rõ ràng, ta thiếu phước về lời nói do trước đó không thực hành chánh ngữ. Thế nên người học Phật cần ý thức rõ về khẩu nghiệp, cực kỳ thận trọng trong lời ăn tiếng nói của mình, ‘nói như hoa mà không nói như phân’ để thêm vui bớt khổ.




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