Khổ đau bao trùm cả nhân loại, cả thế giới. Đó là một sự thật, không ai có thể chối cãi. Chính vì không ai có thể tránh khỏi, khổ đau trở nên bình thường trong cảm nhận chủ quan của mỗi người; và nó chỉ khởi hiện rõ rệt khi bị đẩy lên vượt mức. Đến lúc ấy, người ta mới gục đổ và chịu nhìn nhận sự thật.

Chúng ta vờ quên đi rằng có một sự khổ, nhỏ hay lớn, luôn chực sẵn để đến với mình, bất cứ lúc nào. Chúng ta ngoảnh mặt với khổ đau, cố bám lấy những niềm vui tạm bợ để vượt qua đời sống này; hoặc giả, chúng ta đã tập quen chấp nhận, chịu đựng khổ đau.

Ngoảnh mặt hay chịu đựng không phải là cách giải quyết khổ đau. Trên thực tế, khổ đau đã theo chúng ta suốt chặng đường từ khi sinh ra cho đến khi lìa đời. Các tôn giáo đã hướng dẫn chúng ta phương cách thoát khổ. Nhưng dù là bằng phương cách nào, trước tiên phải nhận chân được nguyên nhân gây nên khổ đau mới có thể tìm ra con đường trị liệu thích hợp.

Những thống khổ từ nghèo đói, bệnh hoạn, bất công xã hội, chiến tranh, thiên tai... chỉ là những hiện tượng mà ai cũng có thể thấy được, và có thể góp công sức hay tiền bạc để làm giảm thiểu hoặc xoa dịu. Nhưng nếu chiêm nghiệm sâu sắc hơn, sẽ thấy nguồn gốc khổ đau của con người là do tham và ái. Tham cầu những gì mình chưa có, hoặc có rồi mà không thấy đủ; yêu bản thân, yêu những gì thuộc về bản thân, yêu những gì bản thân muốn chiếm hữu hoặc đã chiếm hữu, yêu cả những gì đã được bản thân đồng hóa (như gia đình, nơi sinh ra, nơi sinh sống, dân tộc, màu da, tôn giáo, đảng phái, chủ thuyết, lý tưởng...). Nếu tham và ái luôn được đáp

ứng thỏa đáng, và thành quả của chúng là thường hằng thì sẽ không có khổ đau, thống hận. Nhưng đó chỉ là thành quả (hay hạnh phúc, thỏa mãn) của chính cá nhân ấy, chưa kể là sẽ tác hại đến người khác như thế nào. Sự tham lam, chiếm hữu vô độ của một cá nhân chắc chắn sẽ gây thiệt thòi, tổn hại đến bao nhiêu người khác, trong gia đình, ngoài xã hội. Ngoài ra, kết quả của tham và ái này luôn bị tác động, chi phối bởi tính chất bất định, biến hoại của mọi sự mọi vật, và kể cả tâm lý. Do đó, hạnh phúc của cá nhân tham ái sẽ thay đổi, và thành quả vật chất mà cá nhân ấy thu đạt được cũng sẽ thay đổi. Sự thay đổi và luôn chuyển dịch của mọi hiện tượng tâm lý, vật lý trên thế gian này kết thành nỗi thống khổ chung, phổ cập toàn nhân loại và sinh chúng.

Đặc tính của biến hoại cũng chính là đặc tính của khổ đau con người.

Hành giả dấn thân vào đời, chỉ có mỗi tâm nguyện là trang trải lòng thương của mình đến tất cả, không phân biệt màu da, sắc tộc, giàu-nghèo, đẳng cấp... Máu và nước mắt của con người, dù ở quốc gia hay địa vực nào, cũng đỏ và mặn như nhau (*), và vẫn là kết tinh của nỗi khổ sinh-tử. Thống khổ của con người và chúng sinh là vô tận; cho nên chí nguyện ban vui cứu khổ cũng vô tận. Trải nghiệm niềm đau nỗi khổ của chính mình mà thương tưởng đến tất cả chúng sinh. Dùng cái tâm ban đầu và đôi mắt tràn ngập thương yêu để ứng xử với cuộc đời. Không đứng bên này, bên kia, mà đứng từ nơi vũng lầy thống khổ của thế gian để cất bước đi của những kẻ khiêm cung, siêu xuất.



California, ngày 23 tháng 7 năm 2020
Vĩnh Hảo
www.vinhhao.info


_________

(*) Hình ảnh và

ý này mượn từ một châm ngôn Phật giáo.

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